Lessons in Vedanta

Lesson-17


Pralaya, Maha Sushupti

Moola Prakriti is also called as Pralaya and Maha Sushupti. To know why these terms are used, one should understand the scheme of creation.

Creation - Existence - Destruction (sristhi, sthiti and laya ) follow a cyclic pattern. We are presently in the state of sthiti (existence). After some time, all the jeevis (beings) experience pralaya (destruction). With them the vasanas of their karma too undergo pralaya.. A goldsmith keeps a sheet of paper on the ground while working. During the course of his work, innumerable small particles of gold fall all over the paper. It is not possible to hold any one particle although we can see them shining. The goldsmith rolls a ball of wax on the paper and then all the gold particles stick to it. They no longer shine now. When this wax is melted, all the gold particles accumulate at the bottom and it becomes easy to extract the gold then. Similarly when countless Jeevis get drawn in to the Moola prakriti, Pralaya takes place. In this state neither the Jeevis nor their karmas are in manifest form. When the time of Srishti (creation) comes, they come out of Moola Prakriti just as gold comes out of the molten wax. Now they show sparks of the Karmas, which in fact had never left them. Because it is the cause of Pralaya, Moolaprakriti is also called as Pralaya.

There are many similarities between the state of golden particles hidden in the wax and the state of sushupti (deep sleep state) which we experience everyday. In the other two states, namely Jagrat and Svapna (wakeful and dream states), the knowledge of experiencing the fruits of Karma are very much apparent. After Svapna (dream state) comes Sushupti (deep sleep). In this state, the individual does not have knowledge about himself or the world. He will learn that he had undergone that state only after he comes out of the deep sleep state. During that period, he will have no knowledge of the world. Thus, during the deep sleep state, the individual and his world will remain unmanifest like the particles of gold in a lump of wax. Therefore, the deep sleep state can be called as a mini Pralaya.. And the big Pralaya can be called as Maha Sushupti. . Because this is brought about by the Moola Prakriti, it is also called as Maha Sushupti. . Thus, to signify the activity of the Moola Prakriti at the time of Laya, it is called as Pralaya and Maha Sushupti.

Ishwara

When the time of creation approaches, the Moola Prakriti assumes three forms. As the time of creation is about to come, the Karmas of the beings will attain maturity and will prepare themselves to get attached to the Jeevis.. At this juncture, that part of the Moola Prakriti which has predominance of Satva is called as Maya, that part which has the predominance of Rajas is called Avidya and that part, which is predominantly Tamasic is called as Taamasi..

Among these, when the Brahma Chaitanya (consciousness of Brahma ) reflects in that part of creation which has Sattva as its predominant constituent, Iswara comes in to existance. This Ishwara is called by different names such as Avyaakrita, Antaryaami, Shabala brahma, Saguna Brahma, Mayaashabala Brahma. He is responsible for the creation of the world.

How can this Mayashabala Brahma, who is alone, cause creation? Because he is predominantly Shuddha Satva in nature, he, in his Paripoorna Brahma form, establishes relation with Tamasi (that part of Moola Prakriti which has Tamas as its predominant constituent) and thus becomes the Upadana Karana (proximate cause) for the resultant Creation.

What is Upadana Karana ? What is Nimitta Karana ? Consider the example of an earthen pot. To make an earthen pot, clay is required. It also requires a potter who can convert the clay in to a pot. Thus, both clay and potter are causes for the pot. After the pot is made, there is clay everywhere in the pot. There is nothing else. Such a cause is called as Upadana Karana (proximate cause). The potter, who gives it the form of a pot is called as Nimitta Karana (instrumental or efficient cause)

In the case of creation of the universe, Ishwara is both the Upadana and Nimitta Karana. How is this possible?

A spider weaves a cobweb. It has not brought the raw material (like the potter brings clay) from elsewhere. Thus, for the cobweb, the spider itself is the Upadana Karana. Does one see the spider everywhere in the cobweb all the time? No. It is therefore the Nimitta Karana. It means that if the bodily constituent of the spider is considered (i.e., when one considers the Upadhi ) - the spider is the Upadana Karana. If the spider is viewed as a Karta (doer), it becomes a Nimitta Karana by virtue of its Svapradhanya (self dependence).

Similarly, Ishwara is the Upadana Karana by virtue of his Upadhi Pradhanya . He is also the Nimitta Karana by virtue of Svapradhanya ( independence ). As shown in previous lessons, when the world is imposed upon Brahma (like the snake is imposed upon a rope), the creation comes to being. To state it symbolically, because Brahma is the substratum for the manifest world (to put it more clearly, because Brahma is the substratum for the Maya which is in the form of the manifest world), the Mayashabala Brahma becomes a Upadana Karana for the creation by virtue Upadhi Pradhanya . If this Mayashabala Brahma is considered as an entity and taken as the Karta (doer), he becomes the Nimitta Karana by virtue of his Svapradhanya .

Thus, Maya-Avidya-Tamasi are not different. When the Moola Prakriti has predominance of Satva, it is called as Maya. When Rajas is predominant, it is called Avidya. . When Tamas is predominant, it is called Tamasi. Similarly, when the Shuddha Brahma is reflecting in Maya, He is called Ishwara. When he is reflecting in Avidya, he is called as Jeeva. When he reflects in Tamasi, he is called as Jagat.

How does Ishwara, who is of the form of reflection cause the Creation? Let us examine this aspect later.

(To be continued)

*********